<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\tOn the other hand, the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), within its field of Natural Resources, has several different Institutes, which operate in an autonomous and decentralised manner, and the Marine Technology Unit, which manages and provides support to the oceanographic fleet and Spain\u2019s two polar bases.<\/p>\n
The Institute of Marine Science of Barcelona, the largest marine research centre in Spain, is one of the CSIC\u2019s most important institutes.\u00a0 Two research groups from this centre are taking part in MOSAIC, the largest scientific expedition in the Arctic in history. The project, promoted by a German institution, was launched in September 2019, with researchers from 20 countries participating aboard the German icebreaker Polarstern, to spend a year studying global warming. Vigo is also the headquarters of the CSIC\u2019s Institute for Marine Research, which among its recent achievements has managed to successfully breed the endangered seahorse in captivity.<\/p>\n
Other CSIC centres in Spain include the Institute of Torre de la Sal in Torreblanca, Castell\u00f3n, and the Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia, in Cadiz, specialising in aquaculture; the Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes, Girona, and the Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (IMEDEA) in Mallorca, a centre run jointly with the University of the Balearic Islands to research \u2018global change\u2019 (the impact of human activity on the biosphere) and develop instruments for marine research. It also participates in another unique element of scientific infrastructure, the SOCIB or Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System, which collects and provides valuable data for maritime rescue, among other applications.<\/p>\n
In 2010, the CSIC led the largest Spanish oceanographic expedition up to that point. Named Malaspina in honour of Spanish Navy frigate captain Alejandro Malaspina (1754-1810), it covered 75,000 kilometres in nine months, with more than 250 researchers on board the oceanographic vessels Hesp\u00e9rides and Sarmiento de Gamboa. The project researched different phenomena that affect the marine environment in deep waters and in three oceans (warming, acidification, deoxygenation, pollution, marine microorganisms, fish population, etc.) and collected more than 200,000 samples, some from depths of up to 4,000 metres, with almost 20,000 of these forming part of a bank that will remain sealed for 30 years for future study.<\/p>\n
In addition to the research centres, since 2016, Spain has also had the innovative infrastructure of the Canary Islands Oceanic Platform (PLOCAN), managed by a consortium formed by the central government and the Regional Government of the Canary Islands. Located in Telde, Gran Canaria, it is one of the largest installation of its kind in Europe. Its main facility is an ocean platform located one and a half miles from the coast, in a reserved area of 23\u00a0km2<\/sup> that is used as a test bed. It is equipped with marine drones and other state-of-the-art equipment, and is currently carrying out, among other things, projects related to marine renewable energy, climate change, water desalination, use of coastal resources, cetacean conservation, marine noise pollution, and robotics and innovation for marine research.<\/p>\n Spain\u2019s Juan Carlos I\u00a0Antarctic Base. \/ PHOTO_CSIC<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n The two Spanish bases at the South Pole are located in the South Shetland Archipelago and are only operational during the four months of the southern summer. The Spanish Polar Committee coordinates their activities, while logistics is the responsibility of the Marine Technology Unit of the Spanish National Research Council. The Juan Carlos I Base, opened in 1988, is located on the Hurd Peninsula of Livingston Island, about 20 miles from the Spanish base Gabriel de Castilla, which opened in 1989. Located on Deception Island, it is under the responsibility of the Spanish Army and the CSIC for scientific management. Both bases conduct research on geology, biology, glaciers, atmosphere, chemistry, human impact, communications engineering, meteorology, climate change, volcanology, geodesy, hydrography and oceanography.<\/p>\n <\/div><\/div>\n The oceanographic\u00a0vessel, Hesperides. \/ PHOTO_CSIC<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n Since 2013, Spain has unified the management of its oceanographic research fleet (attached to the IEO or CSIC) under the FLOTPOL unit. Part of this fleet is classified as Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS).\u00a0 It is made up of a total of 10 oceanographic vessels, including the Spanish Navy\u2019s Hesp\u00e9rides, which is 82.5 metres long. Based in Cartagena (Murcia), the vessel was put into service in 1991 and was completely overhauled between 2003 and 2004. It has completed more than 120 campaigns in the Antarctic, in the Arctic and in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, and collaborates on the support for Spain\u2019s two Antarctic bases. Its scientific equipment is managed entirely by the CSIC\u2019s Marine Technology Unit.<\/p>\n <\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" With three coastal areas \u2013Cantabrian, Atlantic and Mediterranean\u2013 and more than 7,900 kilometres of coastline, Spain ranks 14th in the world and 3rd in Europe …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4159,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[598],"tags":[263,1980,1981],"coauthors":[51],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4165"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4165"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4166,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4165\/revisions\/4166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4165"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revistaitransporte.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=4165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Spain\u2019s bases in Antarctica<\/span><\/h4>\n\t\t\t
Spain\u2019s oceanographic fleet<\/span><\/h4>\n\t\t\t
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